The other
day, I had a conversation with a student who said he was planning to take the
ACT (American College Test) because some friends at school said it was easier
than the SAT. I asked him if his friends
had taken both the SAT and the ACT and were, therefore, in a position to
judge. He admitted that they had only
taken the ACT. I said that more students
in this area are taking the ACT today compared with just ten years ago, but
that may just be because more students are becoming aware that they have a
choice. I went on to say that I preferred
students to make informed decisions rather than rely on hearsay and the “word
on the street.”
For many
years, the popularity of these exams was regional. The SAT used to be the preferred test on the
east and west coasts, and with independent school students. The ACT was seen to be more of a Midwest test. In November 2007, a New York Times article reported that the number of students taking
the ACT in the East had increased 66%, and 42% in the West. That one article led to further
increases. Does this change suggest that
one test is “better” than the other? Not
necessarily. Some students do better on
the SAT and others earn higher scores on the ACT. So how do you decide which test to take? Weigh the differences between the two
tests.
Before
you consider whether to take the ACT or the SAT, there is an important first
step: check with your colleges of choice.
While most admissions departments will accept either exam, some schools
may require a specific test. Just to be
safe, do your homework and check the application requirements for the schools
that are of interest to you. If those
colleges accept both tests, then these sixteen differences should be
considered:
- ACT questions are often more straightforward
and easier to understand than those encountered on the SAT, so you won’t
have to spend time trying to figure out what is really being asked before
starting to identify the correct answer.
To say this a bit differently, the SAT phrases its more challenging
questions in ways that many students say are “tricky” and sometimes
difficult to decipher. Some
students thrive on the SAT approach, while others find the ACTs more
intuitive, content-based approach to be less intimidating. While the ACT questions may be easier to
understand, they are sometimes longer than those found on the SAT. Some students prefer to be given shorter
questions. Other students find the
ACT’s approach reduces their test anxiety.
- The SAT places a stronger emphasis on
vocabulary, while the ACT places more emphasis on grammar, punctuation,
and syntax. The ACT relies more on
how words sound in context in “normal” sentences, i.e. its sentences are
more likely to resemble those that we use in daily conversation. Some students find identifying misplaced
commas or errors of subject-verb agreement easier on the ACT because a
sentence just does not sound right.
The SAT is more likely to use compound sentences that make
identifying the error more complicated.
If you have a strong sense of grammar, then the SAT approach will
not be an insurmountable hurdle. If you have an average or weak vocabulary,
you might want to consider the ACT, but if you absorb vocabulary easily
and are a great reader, you might lean toward the SAT.
- The ACT is more curriculum-based; the SAT is
aimed more at general reasoning and problem-solving skills (which probably
explains why students might think the questions on the SAT are more
difficult). The ACT is viewed as an
exam that measures what was learned in school, while the SAT uses this to measure your thinking
and reasoning skills.
- College admissions counselors and coaches say
that bright underachievers who are bored in school tend to do better on
the SAT. Often, these students have
good reasoning skills (and they are bored, perhaps, because they do not
get to use them in school). These
are the students who resonate with SAT questions. If this sounds like you, take a look at
the sample questions that the College Board posts online. Highly driven students usually do better
on the ACT. The average to above
average student who works really hard also tends to do better on the ACT
than the SAT because, for them, the ACT more closely resembles another
classroom test. This last category
of students finds the SAT to be much more challenging, and we recommend
that they stay away from the SAT if possible.
- The ACT has a science section while the SAT
does not. You do not have to know
science to be able to answer the questions correctly; all the needed
information is provided in the question.
The ACT uses science to test reading and reasoning skills. If you like science you might feel you
have an edge, but if science makes your skin crawl, you might want to
stick with the SAT.
- The ACT tests more advanced math concepts,
including trigonometry. Sometimes
it also includes logarithms, matrices, radians, and unreal numbers. But its math questions are more
straightforward than those found on the SAT. This approach does not necessarily mean
that the ACT is easier; you will just spend less time trying to figure out
what you are being asked to do. If
you have not yet studied this level of math, then you might want to take the
SAT.
- The 25-minute writing sample is required on
the SAT, and it is the first part of the exam. The score on the writing sample is
included in the composite score.
The 30-minute writing test is optional on the ACT. It is the last part of the ACT, and its
score is not included in the composite score. Colleges see it separately. The SAT writing prompt tends to be more
abstract, while the ACT prompt tends to be about high school life. If you do not write well, you might be
tempted to consider taking the ACT and opting out of the essay. Check first with your colleges of
choice. Most schools do require the
writing sample.
- Consider your testing pattern
preferences. Do you like to have
shorter periods of testing or prefer to be tested for longer periods? The SAT is broken up into smaller
sections, while the ACT is administered in larger chunks. The ACT lasts 3 hours, 25 minutes (with
the essay); the SAT lasts 3 hours, 45 minutes. The ACT has 215 questions; the SAT has
140 questions. Because the ACT asks
more questions that are easier to understand, you are able to spend less
time interpreting each one, but you have to work faster in order to finish. As a result, the ACT is a faster-paced
exam.
- The level of difficulty increases as the
student moves through a section on the SAT (except for the reading
passages). Students who take the
SAT are able to take advantage of this format. On the ACT, however, the level of
difficulty of the questions is random.
- On the SAT, students are sometimes asked to read
two passages and then compare them.
Reading comprehension questions on the ACT are always about the
single, preceding passage. While
materials and classes can help students can help students prepare for the
SAT approach, some students prefer the greater simplicity of the ACT
approach.
- All other criteria being equal, boys tend to
score slightly higher than girls on the SAT. Girls’ scores are much closer to those
of boys on the ACT. [According to
the College Board, since 1972 high school boys have outperformed girls. On the 2012 SAT math test, for example,
boys’ average score was 532, while girls’ average score was 499. These data should not be interpreted to
mean that boys are better at math than girls. More girls take AP math, honors math,
and four years of high school math than boys. Soar For Success believes the answer
will be found to lie in gender differences in the way the brain’s parietal
lobe reacts to these timed math tests.]
The point is that your gender might help you decide which test to
take.
- The SAT is offered seven times a year. The ACT is offered six times a
year. Some students do not find the
scheduling differences to be significant, while others appreciate the greater
flexibility offered by the SAT.
- The SAT deducts ¼ point for wrong answers as a
penalty for guessing. The ACT
counts only correct answers, so there is no penalty. Students misinterpret this difference to
mean that the ACT is easier. For
both exams, guessing is always the strategy of last resort. In any case, the lack of a penalty for
guessing has no bearing on the real difficulty of the test.
- Soar For Success finds that students with
learning disabilities and have trouble processing information may do
better on the ACT.
- There are some people who claim earning a high
score on the ACT might be more difficult than on the SAT. Their thinking has to do with the notion
that everyone benefits from the ACT’s more straightforward approach and
its policy regarding guessing. As
the raw score is converted to a scaled score, any such advantage is
negated. At Soar For Success, we
have seen no evidence to confirm or reject this belief, but it makes sense
that the conversion factor that produces the scaled score does have to include
some sort of compensation factor. This means, these people argue, that the
student who prepares for the exam will have a greater chance of standing
apart from the crowd that takes the SAT than from those taking the
ACT. We cannot validate this
argument, but we do support the notion that test preparation helps.
- Most students in this country do not prepare
for the SAT or the ACT. That is
like walking in to the classroom to take a history test without having
read the text or doing any studying for it. You will find that the SAT is easier to
prepare for simply because there is more material available for it. There are also more test-specific
concepts and strategies to teach for the SAT.
Obtain
sample test questions for both examinations.
Determine which format and style you like better.
Some advisors
tell students to take both exams and then submit only the higher score. Soar For Success thinks this approach places
most students under unnecessary stress.
We strongly recommend that you take one exam or the other and then
devote appropriate energy toward preparing for it.
The
differences between the SAT and the ACT are not about easier or harder. You need to compare and contrast the two
exams and then choose the test with which you feel most comfortable. This is what so
much of the college application process is all about, or at least it should be
if you approach it correctly – learning who you are and making informed decisions
accordingly.
No comments:
Post a Comment